AUTISM

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What is autism?

Autism, also known as autism spectrum disorder (ASD), is a group of disorders marked by difficulties with social skills, repetitive activities, speech, and nonverbal communication. Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a developmental disorder that can cause substantial social, communication, and behavioural difficulties. People with ASD may communicate, engage, conduct, and learn differently than other people. People with ASD have a wide range of cognitive, reasoning, and problem-solving abilities, ranging from gifted to severely impaired. Some persons with ASD require a great deal of assistance in their daily life, while others require less.

How is autism treated?

There are numerous therapy options available. Some options are applied behaviour analysis (APA), social skills training, occupational therapy, speech therapy, physical therapy, sensory integration therapy, play therapy and assistive technology. The following categories can be used to categorise different sorts of treatments:

  • Approaches to Behaviour and Communication
  • Dietary Approaches
  • Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM)
1How early does autism spectrum disorder (ASD) typically present itself?
ASD begins before the age of 3 years and can last throughout a person's life. Within the first 12 months of life, some children develop ASD symptoms. However, symptoms may not appear for another 24 months or longer in others. Some children with ASD learn new abilities and achieve developmental milestones until they reach 18 to 24 months. At this point, they cease learning new skills or lose the ones they already have. Diagnosis can also be delayed because, in some children, there is a period of seemingly normal social and intellectual development before ASD symptoms emerge. In such cases, deterioration of skills begins at 12 months of age or even later. Children with the latter pattern of deterioration or regression (regressive autism) often develop more severe symptoms compared to children with ASD without this pattern (Sue et al., 2016).
2Can autism be caused by genetics?
Although Autism is thought to be caused by a combination of genetic and non-genetic or environmental factors, it is now widely agreed tha t biological factors are the primary cause of ASD.

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